Conjunctivitis, is an inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva—the delicate tissue lining the eyelids and attaching to the eyeball near the cornea. This condition can occur in cats due to allergies from pollens, grasses, and other irritants, or from infections caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi. Conjunctivitis is the most common eye issue seen in cats.
Symptoms
The symptoms of conjunctivitis can vary depending on the underlying cause. Both allergies and infections typically cause noticeable redness or a swollen appearance of the conjunctiva due to fluid buildup and increased blood flow to the area. This often results in eye discharge, which can be mistaken for the normal tear staining common in breeds like Persians.
The type of discharge can offer clues about the cause. Bacterial infections usually produce a thick, yellow or greenish discharge that may cause the eyelids to stick together due to the accumulation of pus. Allergies, on the other hand, often result in a clear, watery discharge. Cats with conjunctivitis may squint or keep their third eyelid partially closed and may paw at or rub their eyes against surfaces due to discomfort.
Risks of Eye Infections or Conjunctivitis
While conjunctivitis and eye infections are not generally life-threatening, they can lead to more serious complications if left untreated. The infection can spread to other parts of the eye, potentially impairing vision, and it can also spread to other cats in the household (though allergies are not contagious). In severe cases, infections or foreign bodies in the eye can cause corneal ulcers, which are extremely serious and require immediate attention. Conjunctivitis may also indicate an underlying condition like FIV (feline immunodeficiency virus).
Treatment of Eye Infections and Conjunctivitis
Conjunctivitis should be treated promptly. A vet may need to perform a culture and sensitivity test to determine if bacteria are present and identify the appropriate antibiotic (such as Terramycin or a neopolybac ointment). They may also take conjunctival scrapings to test for viral infections.
Treatment usually involves the use of eye drops or ointments. Eye drops, which are watery solutions, need to be applied every few hours, while ointments last longer and are generally applied 2 to 3 times a day. If allergies are suspected, anti-inflammatory medications, typically containing hydrocortisone, may be prescribed. In more severe cases, oral antibiotics may be used alongside topical treatments. Most cats respond well to treatment, but it may take one to two weeks for the eye to fully heal. Treatment usually continues for a few days after the eye returns to its normal appearance.
Comments